Improvement in mortising and tenoning machines



a. BENJAMIN MOR'I'ISING AND TENON'ING-MACHINE. No.,1'74,184. PatentedFeb 29,1816.

N.FETERS. PMOTO-UTHOGRAPHER, WASHINGION, n c.

UNITED STATES PATENT rEIoE.

GEoRGE BENJAMIN, OF GARDNER, M ssAoHUsE'rTs, ASSIGNOR T0 PHILANDERDERBY, or sAME PLACE.

IM PROVEMENT IN MORTISING AND T E NONING MACHINES.

, Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 174, 184, datedFebruary 29, 1876; application filed January 26, 1875.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE BENJAMIN, of Gardner, in the county ofWorcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Mortisiiig and Tenoning Machines; and I do herebydeclare 'that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to which itpertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawing, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

This inventionrelates to the forming of tenons on the legs ofrocking-chairs, and at the same time on another part of the frame tobore the mortises in the rockers for the same, the two operations beingperformed by the same motive power, as will be more fully hereinafterdescribed.

Figure 1 represents a plan view of the top of the machine. Fig. 2 is anelevation of one side. i

AA represent theframe,upon which the workin gpartsare arran ged,-andwhich is supported. on four legs, A A. Bis a main shaft, placed underthe frame athwart the same, and sup ported in suitable hearings on thelongitudinal pieces A, extending between the posts A A. On this shaft Bare placed the several pulleys to communicate motion to the rotarycutters and boring-tools above, by means of properly-arranged belts, inthe usual and obvious manner, whereby these cutters and boring-bits willduly perform their proper functions, as will be explained- B is apulley,on which are belts?) b b. (Seenin Fig. 2.) Other belts, as c e c,can be seen in Fig. 1, and will be explained hereafter. The belt I) istwisted to give a rotary motion to the vertical arbor O, on which is acutter-head, 0, above the frame. b is a belt extending to aleadingpulley, d, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2,) and thence up toand over a pulley, d, on a horizontal arbor, carrying at its outer end acutter-head, f above this is a similar arbor and cutter-head, f. Aroundthe pulley d of this latter arbor, and over another pulley, d,

the belt b is carried, and thence down to a leading-pulley, d, and tothe main pulley B.

These arbors are supported in standards H H on the frame, and areregulated by a screw, it, on top. By this bolt the cutter-heads fftravel in opposite directions. On top of the frame, and pivoted 'to abracket, D, is a vibrating table, D, which travels over an are, D, onthe frame, and. on which is to be placed the chair G, as represented indotted lines in Fig.1, the lower legs 9 g projecting beyond the arc ofthe circle (whose center of motion is at the pivot a) as much as thelength of tenon is required. The lateral ,motion of the table D to theleft will bring these logs between the cutter-heads f f, and dress themto the proper thickness for the tenons; the lower cutter being double,the outer half takes the post out of wind. The left leg 9 will come upto the vertical cutter-head c, which will corner the tenong, and whenthe table is carried to the right the leg 9 will reach to acorresponding cutter-head, c, which will corner the teuon g. Thiscutter'head is on the top of a vertical arbor, G, which is driven by abelt, I), from the main shaft B, as seen in Fig.2, the arbor and pulleybeing shown in dotted lines. The chair is kept'in position by a clamp,h, operated by an eccentric lever, e. To the under side of table D isattached, by a-pivot at i, a metallic strap, 6, which extends to asliding frame, I, on the other side of the main frame.- This strap 43 isfastened to the under side of frame I, so thatlas the table D is movedon its pivot to, either to the left or right on the are D,\ the strap 6moves in the corresponding small are, (shown in dotted lines 00 [1 andconsequently has an endwise movement corresponding to the versed sine ofthat arc, and draws inwardly the table I, and removes the same to itsoriginal position, as the table D vibrates the other way to the positionshown in Fig.1. On table I are two horizontal arbors, K K, havingpulleys l l, on which are belts c 0, leading from the main shaft B underthe frame. In the ends of these arbors are two boring-bits of propersize, sockthe rack-bar to its vertical position, while it can movelaterally with the frame I, in or.out,

as table D may. carry it, the upper wheel 11. being made long to admitof this movement laterally.

The sliding frame I, which is operated by the raclrbar and the spur fromthe wheel n, is to adjust the boring-bit p to such a dis-, tance from pas to gage precisely with the distance between the tenons on legs 9 andg, the bit 19 being always stationary.

In the middle of the main frame A, and between frame I and table D, is asliding frame, J, supported by guides j j. This slide is attached, by anelbow-joint, j, to a connectingbar, J, to an eccentric wheel, which ison the top of a vertical shaft, operated from main shaft B by a pulleyand belt, 6, as seen in Fig. 1. As this shaft rotates, it moves to andfro the slide J. On this slide is clamped a rocker, with its hollowcurve to the boring-bits 1o 11, the one place for a mortise being g'agedopposite the fixed bit 1),- then, by. moving the wheel a, the bit 19 isadjusted to the other place for the mortise. Now, as the chair,'be ingclamped in its proper position on the vi bratin g table D, is moved tothe cutter-heads ff to cut the tenons on g g, the boring-bits 1911 aredrawn to the rocker by strap i and the rotation of shaft B, givingmotionto all the cutter-heads and boring-bits and eccentl'ic, shaft, themovement of which last causes the slide J to move longitudinally to theright of the figure, and carrying the rocker, (shown in dotted lines,)so that the boring-bits p 12 make elongated mortises, and as the chairon table D is carried to cutter-head c, the cutters r r, above the bitspp, form a gain on the edge of the rocker, into which the shoulder ofthe tenons g gwill match, thus giving a firm socket-bearing to supportthe tench-andmortise joint. The reverse motion of the table D to theright withdraws the bits from the mortise, and the rocker can be removedand another one substituted, while'the chair is-turned over and theother two legs put in position.

Thus, by this arrangement of the chair, table, and the rocker slidingframe, the two operations of tenoning the legs and cutting correspondingmortises in the rockers are simultaneously performed.

Havingthus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent,

l. The reciprocating frame I, in combination with the vibrating table D,substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of the -reeiprocating frame I, vibrating table'D, andreciprocating table J, substantially as and for the purpose described.3. The combination of the vertically-moving and adjustable cutter-headsf f, cuttenheads c and c, and vibrating table l), for the purpose offorming the tenons on legs of chairs, and cornering the same,substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The combination of the reci fn'ocating frame I, with its adjustableslide'l, the vibrating table D, reciprocating table J, the cutting toolsff and c and c, and the mechanism for operating the same, whereby thetised coincident] y and to the proper gage, substantially as and for thepurpose described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I aflix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE F. PEABODY, CHAS. D. ALLEN.

. legs of chairs are tenoned and the rockers mor-

